Responses of functional genes involved in nitrogen cycling to green manuring in different paddy soils in south China

We studied the effects of green manuring on gene level microorganisms associated with nitrogen (N) fixation, nitrification, and denitrification in different paddy soils. Field experiments were conducted Hunan, Jiangxi, Henan, Fujian experimental sites south China to investigate responses rice yield, soil properties, functional genes manuring. The four treatments no fertilizer application (NF), using milk vetch as manure without chemical (GM), winter fallow (CF), a combination (GMCF). yield N uptake significantly increased GMCF. nifH copies GMCF Jiangxi Henan sites. Soil SOM, TN, NH4+-N, NO3−-N, AP, AK higher than other treatments. For nitrification process, ammonia-oxidizing archaea those bacteria all nirK nosZ involved negatively correlated properties. With improvement properties uptake, process was inhibited treatment. most critical influencing among tested genes. SOM important factor improved changed abundance cycling. Green combined yields process.